With the rapid development of information technology, the requirements for the integration level of integrated circuits are getting higher and higher. Even the sizes of components in the circuits are constantly shrinking. The sizes of electronic components range from millimeter level to micron level to nanometer level. Now The world's most high-end chips have developed to 5 nanometers. The chip industry chain is mainly divided into three major links: design, manufacturing, and packaging and testing. Each link is very important. In the chip manufacturing process, metal materials play a very important role. This is because in the process of continuous shrinking of the size of advanced manufacturing processes, precious metals and alloy materials occupy an important position with relatively superior characteristics. So what are the 6 metals used in chip manufacturing?

  Precious metals are usually one of the promoters of advanced chip technology. After entering the 21st century, more than 40 elements have been added to chip materials, of which more than 90% are precious metals and transition metal materials, breaking the limitations of silicon.

A rare metal is usually used in the chip manufacturing process, that is "gallium", which is known as the "vitamin" of the chip. When gallium is used in chip manufacturing, its performance is much better than that of traditional materials. Today, gallium compounds are also widely used in the semiconductor industry and are one of the core materials in semiconductor manufacturing. Therefore, the metal gallium plays a decisive role in the semiconductor industry. Once the chip market loses the supply of gallium, it may stagnate.

Some chip manufacturers use rare materials with special properties to accelerate their chip assembly technology when manufacturing chips, such as rare metals such as hafnium. Hafnium is rare enough to be used in nuclear reactor control rods, where the metal controls the fission rate of other rare materials. Although it is rarer than gold, it can still be used for plating processors, and can also be applied to pads, pins, and transistors. But for the most part, it's important to use it sparingly, especially if it's suitable for the design. The metal palladium may also be used in the chip manufacturing process. The metal is usually used in transistors or capacitors.

In short, there are many metals used in metal manufacturing. The six more common metals are gallium, antimony, hafnium, ruthenium, copper, and rhodium.

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